Meanwhile, Bukit Aman Internal Security and Public Order Department (General Operations Force) Deputy Director, DCP Dato’ Mohamad Suzrin Mohd Rodhi said, smuggling syndicates had also adopted layered operating structures involving “tekong darat”, runners, reconnaissance teams and informants to minimise the risk of arrest.

He said there has also been increasing evidence of border folk, with some individuals misusing their freedom of movement to act as “tekong darat” and runners.

“This includes individuals acting as spotters and informants who report every movement of security forces along the border,” he said.

For migrant smuggling activities, he said undocumented migrants were typically placed temporarily in transit houses, lodging facilities or concealed areas before being moved to designated destinations.

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